Page 1 How to develop your export market?

Page 2 How to benefit from export merchant or agent?

Page 3 About Foreign Distributor & Import Agent

Page 4 Socialist Countries
Licensing and Join Venture

Page 5 Sales Procedure for Export Export Contract

<< This Page 6 Incoterms describe the responsibilities of seller and buyer

Page 7 Definitions of INCOTERMS trade terms

Page 8 About commercial disputes and arbitration

Page 9 About The World Trade Center Association

CFR COST AND FREIGHT

CIF COST, INSURANCE AND FREIGHT

CPT CARRIAGE PAID TO

CIP CARRIAGE AND INSURANCE PAID TO

DAF DELIVERED AT FRONTIER

DES DELIVERED EX SHIP

DEQ DELIVERED EX QUAY

DDU DELIVERED DUTY UNPAID

DDP DELIVERED DUTY PAID

• Ex works means the seller's only responsibility is to make the goods available at the seller's premises, for example: at the seller factory.
   
• The seller is not responsible for loading the goods on the vehicle provided by the buyer unless otherwise agreed.
   
• The buyer bears the full costs and risk involved in collecting the goods from there to the desired destination. Ex works represents the minimum obligation of the seller.

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FCA FREE CARRIER (... named place)

This FCA term has been designed to meet the requirements of multimodal transport, such as container or roll-on, roll-off traffic by trailers and ferries.

FCA is based on the same name principle as FOB (free on board), except that the seller fulfills its obligations when the goods are delivered to the custody of the carrier at the named place.

If no precise place can be named at the time of the contract of sale, the parties should refer to the place where the carrier should take the goods into its charge.

The risk of loss or damage to the goods is transferred from seller to buyer at that time and not at the ship's rail.

The term "carrier" means any person by whom or in whose name a contract of carriage by road, rail, air, sea, or a combination of modes has been made.

When a seller has been furnished a bill of lading, airway bill or carrier's receipt, the seller duly fulfills its obligation by presenting such a document issued by a carrier.

FAS or "free alongside ship" requires the seller to deliver the goods alongside the ship on the quay.

From that point on, the buyer bears all costs and risks of loss and damage to the goods.

Unlike F.O.B., F.A.S. requires the buyer to clear the goods for export and pay the cost of loading the goods.

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Under FOB the goods are placed on board the ship by the seller at a port of shipment named in the sales agreement.

The risk of loss of or damage to the goods is transferred to the buyer when the goods pass the ship's rail (i.e., off the dock and placed on the ship).

The seller pays the cost of loading the goods.

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